Behavior of morphostructural and phaneroptic variables in goats (Capra hircus) from peasant communities of the municipality of Nindiri, Masaya

Abstract

This research was aimed to study the morphometric, faneroptic dimorphism and variability of crossbred goats from rural communities in the municipality of Nindirí. From a total population of 208 animals, 35 adult individuals were evaluated by random sampling, from which 13 morphological measures, 13 phaneroptics, 9 zoometric indices and the biological variables, age and live weight, were determined. Age and live weight in males presented the lowest values, but with the highest level of variation. The cephalic measurements raised and the longitudinal (DL) and dorsal sternal (DDE) diameters did not present a very marked dimorphism between sexes. Chest width (AP) and rump measurements, width (AG) and length (LG), were slightly greater in females, with high levels of variability. The thoracic and cane perimeters did not show very marked differences between both sexes. The morphostructural homogeneity of these animals is high, 76.92 % of the variables present a coefficient of variation between medium to low (coefficient of variation less than 10 %), being the raised those that present the lowest proportions of variability. Based on the ethnological and productive capacity indices, the animals would be morphologically, dolichocephalic, not very compact, medium-sized, convexilinear and Brachymorphic. The values of the pelvic indices longitudinal (IPEL) and transversal (IPET), reveal a lack of specialized productive attitude. The phaneroptics were dominated by: layers, mucous membranes and dark hooves, hair of medium length and absence of raspil, breeches, goatee and mamellas.  In the morphological characteristics, the straight nasal fronto profiles, horizontal medium ears, acorn, depigmented udders, and bagged, nipples with normal numbers and parallel position stood out. Less than 50 % of the positive and significant correlations were found, so this population can be considered a morphostructural model that is not very harmonious. Four main components (PCA) explained 77 % of the total variation, highlighting within them seven variables with greater discrimination power