Genealogy and breeders of the first Nicaraguan coffee (Coffea arabica L.) variety Catrenic selected in Nicaragua

Abstract

The coffee rust (Hemileia vastratrix Berk & Br.) was identified in Brazil in 1970, to face this pathogen in Nicaragua, they were introduced in 1971, from the Plant Introduction Station of Glenn Dale, Maryland, USA with code P.I.361030, to the Jardín Botanico located in Masatepe, Masaya, the first Catimor seeds in F2 generation. In this work, the record of generations F2 to F6 was used, which includes the researchers involved, location, steps, variables studied, information based on research carried out by previous researchers and their own, documented and published; until obtaining and registering the Catrenic variety. There are some relevant data of the evaluated variables of the variety in the different generations (F), such as those of average production in the F4 that goes from 2,166 to 3,995 kg of berry per plant, estimating an overproduction of 3.83 to 91.51% according to the net plot of greater production Y short internodes, bronzed and green bud, good productive capacity (greater than Caturra and Catuaí), rust tolerance, good cup (similar Caturra and Catuaí) and adaptability to different areas yellow Catuaí with 2,086 kg of berry per plant; the cup quality in Catrenic's F5 compared to commercial varieties, did not show significant organoleptic differences, presenting the highest values at 900 m.a.s.l., obtaining a value of 2 on the acidity scale, where 3 is excellent, while at a height of 500 and 400 m.a.s.l. reached a value of 1. Finally, Catrenic is obtained in the F6 generation, with excellent hybrid vigor, phenotypic uniformity, intermediate size, secondary and tertiary branching (splicing), short internodes, bronzed and green bud, good productive capacity (greater than Caturra and Catuaí), rust tolerance, good cup (similar Caturra and Catuaí) and adaptability to different areas. This Nicaraguan coffee variety was legally registered in 2000 in at the Registry Variety Protection Department from seed Direction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.