Abdominal wall defects; Gastrosquisis

Abstract

Introduction. The wall defects show an epidemic increase as of the prevalence of 4.5 per 10,000 births presenting associated anomalies, mainly gastrointestinal, such as rotation and atresia defects (10-20%), followed by cardiac ones 4% vs 0.7% in normal population) and genitourinary. Methods: a search was made of original articles, of revision, and systematic reviews in the databases; PUBMED, SCIELO, and HINARI comprised between the years 2011 to 2016. Development: The causes are multifactorial, among the most common primitives, unplanned pregnancies of young mothers, change of recent couple, important nutritional deficits, consumption of NSAIDs, alcohol, tobacco or other drugs. The diagnosis is made by ultrasonography and the treatment is surgical. Conclusion: We recommend birth in a center with pediatric surgery and expert neonatology to improve perinatal outcomes. The development of surgical techniques, parenteral nutrition, respiratory care and anesthetic practice have reduced mortality rates to less than 5%, especially at the expense of the reduction of nosocomial infections, which are the cause of death More frequently.