Use of endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp., For the biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Panama) race 1 in vitro plants of banana cultivar Gros Michel (AAA) under greenhouse conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5377/universitas.v4i1.1676Keywords:
Usarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Panama disease, GrosMichel (AAA), Endophytic fungi, Biologic control, Trichoderma spp.Abstract
The objective of this study was to select endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp. for the biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1. The three most pathogenic isolates—FOC2, FOC4, and FOC8—were evaluated in an antibiosis test using samples obtained from the cryobank of the Plant Pathology Laboratory at CATIE. A subsequent biocontrol test was conducted with twenty endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp. and two isolates (FOC2 and FOC4) on Gros Michel (AAA) vitroplants under greenhouse conditions. Using a co-culture technique, twenty Trichoderma spp. isolates inhibited the radial growth of FOC by up to 53.46%. In the biocontrol bioassay, endophytic Trichoderma spp. isolates showed a minimum disease incidence of 37.5% with treatment TJ5, compared to the absolute control, which showed no incidence. Additionally, treatments TC9, TP3, and TCL1 reduced external symptoms by 92% to 90% compared to reference controls. Internal corm symptoms were reduced by up to 74% with treatment TC9. Furthermore, it was observed that plants protected with endophytic Trichoderma spp. isolates exhibited enhanced vegetative growth, reflected in increased root and foliage biomass.
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