ADAPTATION AND PERFORMANCE OF THE BEAN VARIETY INTA VAINA ROJA FOR TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT AND LEAF SPOT DISEASE IN FOUR REGIONS OF NICARAGUA

Abstract

The present work was carried out between 2005 and 2007, with the aim of evaluating the adaptation and performance of the improved variety INTA Vaina Roja, in the regions of Las Segovias, North in the advanced yield studies 34 F9 lines and 14 F8 and F9 lines. This work was conducted according to agro-ecological conditions of each locality under dry land conditions. In the preliminary tests we used a single repetition, and in advanced tests, a lattice design 6 x 6 and randomized complete block with three replications was used. It was found that at experimental level 429 DFSZ 15094-39 (2 188 kg ha^-1), MIB 438 (2 644 kg ha^-1), 426 DFSZ 15094-39 (2 182 kg ha^-1) e INTA Vaina Roja (2 013 kg ha^-1). Stood out for their grain yield. During the assessments, the INTA Vaina Roja variety was tolerant to leaf spot disease ( Phaeoisariopsis griseola). In addition, the INTA Vaina Roja variety was validated in commercial plots in farmers' fields in 54 environments of the departments of Estelí, Madriz, Nueva Segovia Matagalpa, Jinotega, Chontales and Carazo. In these test plots, yield form the variety INTA Vaina Roja (915 kg ha^-1) was higher by 17 % in the 54 validation sites compared to commercial varieties (784 kg ha^-1) used as local control plot. It also gave the best yields (1 343 kg ha^-1) in 24 environments identified as favorable yielding 16% more than commercial varieties (1 155 kg ha^-1) as well as in the 30 enviroments recognized as unfavorable the variety INTA Vaina Roja (573 kg ha^-1) had the highest yields , overtaking commercial varieties (487 kg ha^-1) by 18 %. In both situations the variety INTA Vaina Roja with coefficients of variation of 27.18 and 33.85% showed better stability than commercial varieties. During the process of experimentation and validation, we observed that the INTA Vaina Roja variety showed tolerance to high humidity condition in the soil, making it an ideal material for the adaptation to climate change. The INTA Vaina Roja variety presented a marginal rate of return of 991% superior to commercial varieties.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/calera.v13i20.1621