Food to mitigate problems of food and nutrition insecurity in poor families in the communities Santa Cruz, Tisma Grande, and La Montañita N° 2 Tisma, Masaya 2015

Abstract

The study assesses the nutritional status of the families that are part of the research in the three communities from the analysis of consumption patterns that they have nutritional value and are also values local plants (native) can contribute these eating patterns. Interviews, tours of farms and case studies with small producers of the three communities: qualitative research on this type of data collection instruments including applied. The results showed that in nine consumption patterns of families studied have sufficiency in terms of access to nutritious foods exceeding 110%. The diversity index of the diet in terms of sufficiency in the week reached a range between 0.89 in Tisma Grande which is deficient in Santa Cruz is 0.92 which is acceptable and La Montañita No 2 is adequate food sufficiency with 1.08. In terms of dietary diversity that refers to different types of foods that are consumed by households in the week the results were average ranges between 9.3 to 9.7 meaning the existence of a variety of acceptable diet. For the second case study which was to know about the types of native plants and consumption patterns in order to rescue and use in their daily consumption habits and determined the following plants: Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Milkweed (Amaranthus hybridus), Espadillo (Yucca elephantipes), purslane (Portulaca oleracea), Mora (Morus nigra), Cojombro (Sicana odoriferous), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Piñuela (cheap Bromeliad), Panama (Sterculia apetala), Tempisque (Sideroxylon capiri) Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito) among others. Definitely we define families consume food more calories you consume protein foods such as dairy, meats and sweets in your diet, but it is important to note that this does not indicate that there is a bad nutritional quality in families because protein intake is not defiente, but if you need to include the aforementioned food and food supplement consumption that generate proteins the body of families and a stable nutritional balance in order that the families introduced a state of optimal health and to meet their daily nutritional needs in relation to work performed every day in their small production plots.