Planetology and space sciences in the face of new challenges

Abstract

In recent decades, planetological research and Space Sciences have been deepened at an accelerated and growing rate. The objectives of developing new space technologies and providing a multidisciplinary training based on the latest discoveries related to planetary and space sciences, in particular in what has come to be called Earth Observation, as well as those of filling the educational gap on these thematic, they are fulfilled without loopholes. In this dissertation, a review is carried out through a scientific documentation methodology of the main milestones of recent years and the associated challenges that they entail, along with the challenges of humanity to which space sciences should respond. We must be aware that we are in the middle of a technological revolution in the field of Space Sciences. We have never had so much data that has given so much information that until not long ago we were unaware of the Earth, in many cases indirectly contributed from what we know of other planets, and vice versa. However, we also face new challenges that have to do largely with the effects of Climate Change on human beings, with new ways of relating to resources and with the trend towards robotization in forms of production. The other relevant aspect is that we want to be able to predict what the future holds, that is, anticipate and create models that help us mitigate and develop effective solutions. We are, therefore, facing a large number of challenges of all kinds, technical, political and socioeconomic associated with the fact that the future generation understands the value that Space and Planetary Sciences have, among others, in finding the better solutions.