Prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren, San Pedro Sula, Honduras, 2020

Abstract

Prevalence of atopic diseases has increased recently, especially in children, according to the World Health Organization. These atopic diseases include asthma, rhinitis, and dermatitis. Objective: Determine the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years in San Pedro Sula, Honduras in 2020. Patients and Methods: Descriptive study, quantitative, not experimental. The sample consisted of 1500 schoolchildren enrolled in various schools that were selected by a non probabilistic method: convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out by applying a survey instrument to schoolchildren who met the inclusion criteria and whose parents or guardians signed the informed consent. The data was processed in SPSS. Results: The prevalence of asthma was 24.46% (367), rhinitis 17% (255), and atopic dermatitis 11.69% (175). In addition, 15.73% (236) of scholars had asthma and rhinitis, 9.53% (143) had asthma and dermatitis, and 8.40% (126) had rhinitis and dermatitis. Furthermore, 7.93% (119) of them had the three conditions. Conclu- sion: The prevalence of asthma and atopic dermatitis is higner than rhinitis in San Pedro Sula, adding to that, there are studies that pair asthma with rhinitis, asthma with dermatitis and rhinitis with dermatitis.