Trigger factors for complications in patients with Acute Appendicitis

Abstract

Acute appendicitis is the surgical emergency that is most admitted into emergencies and can lead to serious complications. It has an annual incidence of 1.33 per 1000 men and 0.09 per 1000 women. Early diagnosis, antibiotic prophylaxis and proper postsurgical antibiotic therapy prevent complications. Objective: Demonstrate the principle trigger factors for complication in patients with acute appendicitis in Hospital General del Sur from June 2015 to February 2016. Patients and methods: Non experimental transversal, analytic study, with a universe of 568 patients who underwent an appendicectomy, sample of 300 patients with 179 cases and 121 controls. It was determined a confidence interval of 3.88 with confidence level of 95%, precision value of 0.6, giving us a sample of 237 which was change to 300 because we had more access to clinical records and assuring a more precise study. Results: The highest percentage occurs in men representing 179 (59%), people aged 1-29 years accounted 128 (70.1%), antibiotic prophylaxis wasn’t applied in 204 patients (68%), hypersensitivity in right lower quadrant (98% ), neutrophilia greater than 70% ( 93%), complicated appendix (59.7%) and no complicated acute appendicitis (40.3%), surgical site infection (10%), the relationship between use of prophylaxis and surgical wound infection gives an OR 0.37 Conclusions: the difficulty in access to health, the delay in the management and treatment of patients and lack of antibiotic prophylaxis were as triggers. The most important of them is the antibiotic prophylaxis with an OR of 0.37 and which makes it a protective factor with 63% of protection for surgical site infection.

Keywords

Appendicitis, Appendix, Acute Abdomen, Antibiotic prophylaxis