Prevalence of sickle-cell anemia in two communities Omoa Cortés, during the year 2017

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia (AD) is the most common congenital hemolytic anemia in the world. The frequency of carrier status of hemoglobin S (AS) covers a ranges from 5 to 15% of the world's population. Objective: To identify the prevalence of sickle cell anemia in the communities of Masca and Pueblo Nuevo, Omoa Cortés, during the year 2017. Patients and Methods: study with quantitative approach, non-experimental design, longitudinal and descriptive scope. A random probabilistic sample of 369 was calculated. The first phase of the study included the accomplishment of hemogram and 2% sodium metabisulphite, the second phase consisted in the electro- phoresis of hemoglobin to patients with positive metabisulphite. The tests were processed in a certified clinical laboratory. The data were analyzed with SPSS. Results Of the 369 participants, the ages ranged from 1-83 years, 250 (67.8%) were female, and 119 (32.2%) were male hemoglobin values ranged from 7.85 to 17.4 g / dl and 20 were positive metabisulfite prevalence of 5.4%. In the second phase of the study, 13 (65%) of the patients were female, 12 (60%) were asymptomatic. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed, with 18 (94.7%) with HbAS and 1 (5.3%) patients with 100% HbSS. 

Conclusion: is similar to other studies found, but it should be emphasized that the predominant race for heterozygotes was mestizo, not Afrodescendant.

Keywords

Anemia, Sickle Cell, Homozygote, Heterozygote, Prevalence