Rasmussen Encephalitis; with favorable evolution Regarding a Report Case

Abstract

Background: Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory brain disorder described as a rare cause of drug-resistant epileptic seizures in childhood. lt presents as drug-resistant epileptic encephalopathy (RF) secondary to unilateral inflammation of the cerebral cortex and progressive neurological deficits; Clinically, it manifests as treatment­resistant focal motor seizures that determine severe deterioration with hemiparesis, cognitive delay, and aphasia. Treatment of RE is aimed at controlling epilepsy and delaying or preventing its progression. Due to drug resistance to antiepileptic drugs and lack of response to immunoglobulin (IGV), hemispherectomy is the option with the best results.

Case report: we present a 6-year-old female patient who started focal clonic seizures in the right side of the body, which evolved with a lack of clinical response to the use of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and IGV. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Brain Magnetic Resonance lmaging (CMR) revealed findings consistent with RE. She underwent surgery, performing a left hemispherectomy, without complications during the procedure, and with a histopathological study compatible with RO. The clinical evolution was favorable with the absence of epileptic seizures and recovery of his cognitive and motor functions.

Conclusion: we concluded that timely surgical treatment for RE should be considered.