Risk factors to COVID-19 mortality in adults admitted to a hospital in Honduras

Abstract

Background: According to international studies, fatal cases of COVID-19 are related to older age, male gender and chronic diseases. Objective: Determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in adult patients admitted to a public hospital in Honduras. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in patients admitted with a diagnosis of COVID-19; Cases: patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with deceased discharge status, Controls: patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with a medical discharge condition. A sample of 100 cases and 200 controls was analyzed. Analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics was performed, subsequently OR was estimated and a multiple logistic regression model was built. Results: It was found that 57.5% (171/300) was 60 years or older and 60.3% (181/300) was male. The most frequent symptoms were respiratory distress 94%, fever 90.3% and cough 86%. The risk factors associated with mortality from COVID-19 were age (OR 10.40 CI95% 3.96-27.30), male sex (OR 3.25 CI95% 1.75-6.06), comorbidities (OR 2.14 95% CI 1.03-4.45), high levels of D-dimer (OR 2.28 95% CI 1.20-4.32) and LDH (OR 5.65 95% CI 2.62- 12,18). Discussion: The associated risk factors with COVID-19 mortality found in this study coincide with those presented in international studies around the world. It is necessary to identify patients with these factors to offer timely management according to their clinical condition.