Energy characteristics of artisanal briquettes made from chicken manure biomass with five different types of adherents

Abstract

This research was carried out in the productive wood energy laboratory of UNACIFOR. Artisanal briquettes were made based on biomass of chicken manure as the main material and five adherents: honey waters, Melinis minutiflora, Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruit, Cassia grandis fruit and coffee litter, with a manual compaction mechanism. After crushing the materials, the respective combinations of 98% chicken manure and 2% for adherents, were compacted and then dried directly in the sun until reaching the required moisture percentage. When carrying out the energy efficiency tests in the improved stove, the briquettes with the best results were: pure chicken manure, chicken manure-Melinis minutiflora and chicken manure -fruit of Enterolobium cyclocarpum, in terms of burning time (min): 70, 74 and 70; maximum water temperature (°C): 96, 98 and 97, density (kg/m3): 401.3, 369.6 and 408.0; maximum flame temperature (°C): 840.3, 828 and 740.3, respectively. These combinations were sent to the FHIA and ZAMORANO laboratories for chemical analysis, which yielded the following results: Nitrogen (N) 3.04%, 3.09% and 3.20%, Sulfur (S) 0.56%, 0.61% and 0.62%, Chlorine (Cl) 1.45%, 1.23% and 1.26%, and Silica (Si) 6.94%, 8.27% and 6.32%, respectively. In calorific value the following values were obtained: 13.8MJ/kg, 13.9MJ/kg and 14.1MJ/kg, these results were compared with the ISO 17225-7 standard for briquettes of non-woody origin, the standard was useful to have a reference because in the country there are no standards for this type of artisanal briquettes.