Seed increase of 26 mutant lines of common red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), in the month of November, San Luis Talpa, La Paz, El Salvador

Abstract

With the aim of increasing the seed of 26 mutant lines of red common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), two 90 m2 plots were established in the “La Bomba” lot of the Experimental and Practice Station (EEP) of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of El Salvador in San Luis Talpa, La Paz, from November 2020 to February 2021. The sowing design of each line was in furrows 5 meters long and a distance between furrows of 0.40 m and between plants of 0.05 m, which represents a density of 500,000 plants. ha-1. All seeds of the lines were treated with Nano gro®, before sowing, except for the control. For the proper development of the different lines, good management practices were carried out, including weed control, irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease control. Descriptive statistical methods, Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were applied under a Randomized Complete Block Design (DBCA). The variables that were significant in the ANOVA were subjected to the Tukey multiple comparison statistical test of means. The entire analysis was carried out with a statistical significance level (alpha) α of 5% (0.05) and through the use of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the statistical program SPSS® 25 and Infostat® 2020. In conclusion, there is increased genetic material from the 26 mutant lines of red common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), planted in a non-traditional season under climatic conditions with average minimum temperatures of 22.3 ° C and average maximum temperatures of 33 ° C at 50 meters above sea level. Of the 26 common red bean mutant lines studied, lines M09ST16 and M09ST14 had the best yield and 14 lines reported yields greater than 25 qq ha-1, exceeding the national average grain production of 12 to 17 qq. ha-1 and the average seed yield of 37 qq.ha-1.