Apolopoprotein epsilon four and alzhermer's disease in patients from the salvadoran social security institute

Abstract

The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) E4 allele is an independent genetic risk factor that modifies the risk of late and early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objectives: To determine the association between ApoE e4 and AD in older adults who consult at Hospital Policlínico Arce of the Salvadoran Institute of Social Security between 2018-2019. The study was of cases and controls; the study universe was the patients diagnosed for the first time with AD between October / 18 and September / 19. 49 newly diagnosed AD cases and an equal number of controls were recruited consecutively. The test for the identification of the E2, E3 and E4 alleles of apolipoprotein E was based on the polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization. Results an age of 75 and over was a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. (OR = 7.3; 95% CI: 2.9-18.2) A level of education <7 years was found in 49% of the cases and in 40.8% of the controls. Body mass index less than 25 was a risk factor for developing AD. (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.2-6.9) The E4 allele was present in 40.8% of the cases and in 20.4% of the controls. In those under 75 years of age, apolipoprotein E4 showed a significant association with Alzheimer’s (OR = 6.5; 95% CI: 1.4-30.5). Conclusion, the E4 allele presented a moderate strength of association with AD and was more frequent in cases than in controls