Direct sowing: an alternative to improve the sustainability of rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in Peru

Abstract

In Peru, the sowing rice system to transplantation has high production costs and the flood risks contribute to the methane emission. There are other production systems that would improve the sustainability of the crops. The objective of this research is to compare the direct dry sowing (in rows and broadcast sowing) versus the transplant systems (intensive system of rice farming (ISRF), transplant in precision sowing and conventional transplant) in the farm productivity IR-43, and it was conducted in conditions of Jequetepeque valley, Trujillo – Peru. The design of randomized full blocks was used with three repetitions. The density of 80K ha-1 was implemented in the direct sowing in dry soil.

In the treatment of the transplantation system were placed blows at 0.25x0.25m. In the intensive system of rice farming were used seedlings of 15 days of age and in the transplants in a row and in the conventional, seedlings of 30 days. The best profits were obtained in the direct seeding, and the intensive system of rice farming that produced respectively 6.27, 619 and 6.13t ha-1. The transplantation systems in rows and the conventional produced respectively the lowest profits with 4.17 and 4.14t ha-1. The intensive system of rice farming was conducted with modifications of its original conception; applying mineral fertilizers and use of herbicides. The obtained results indicate that the direct sowing systems are viable options to replace progressively to the transplant system.

Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible, Vol. 6, 2017: 13-26