Nitrogen incorporation to improve the efficiency of use of rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in La Libertad, Peru

Abstract

The improvement of the efficient use of nitrogen would reduce the consumption of nitrogen fertilizers and contribute to the preservation of the environment and the development of sustainable production systems. To improve the efficiency of use, an experiment was conducted in the valley of Jequetepeque district, province of Pacasmayo, department of La Libertad in Peru, to identify the application form and the most adequate nitrogen levels to optimize efficiency and reduce losses that are caused by poor nitrogen management. Three ways of nitrogenous fertilizer applications were evaluated (urea): Form 1: 100% incorporated to dry soil; Form 2: 50% incorporated to dry soil + 50% to the traditional at the beginning of the floral primordio in the water sheet; and Form 3: Traditional volley applying the half of nitrogen fifteen days later from the transplantation in the water sheet and the 50% left was applied at the beginning of the floral primordio volley in the water sheet. The levels used were: 120, 240 and 320KgNha-1 and a control 0. The obtained grain yield varied from 5.67 to 4.88tha-1, for forms and 7.36 to 5.34tha-1, for nitrogen levels. The estimation of the efficiency of nitrogen use through the indicators of agronomic, and physiological efficiency and partial factor of productivity, identified that form 2 had the best response.