Ramsay Hunt Syndrome in pediatrics: case report

Abstract

Introduction: Ramsay Hunt syndrome, also known as herpes zoster oticus, is a late complication of varicella zoster virus infection that results in inflammation of the geniculate ganglion of cranial nerve VII; the diagnosis is clinical and is described as a triad of ipsilateral facial palsy, ear pain, and vesicles near the ear and auditory canal. Treatment is aimed at decreasing the duration of the disease, as well as providing analgesia and preventing complications. Case description: Female, 11 years old, with a recent history of infection by Varicella and COVID-19, presenting pain in the face and right ear, on physical examination the presence of herpetic vesicular lesions on the pinna and concha of the right ear and decreased facial mimicry due to Grade IV peripheral facial paralysis; Management was with antiviral therapy, steroids, and anti-inflammatories, as well as prevention of corneal damage and rehabilitation therapy. She was discharged without complications. Conclusion: Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, rare in pediatrics, is a consequence of the reactivation of the infection by the Varicella Zoster virus, the prognosis depends on the diagnosis and timely management, it should be suspected in pediatric patients who present with facial paralysis and/or ear pain.