Health situation analysis for the comprehensive approach to social determinants of health in Santa Lucia, Francisco Morazán, June-December 2019

Abstract

Through the execution of the Health Situation Analysis (ASIS), it is possible to evaluate the situation and trends shown by the health of a population or specific population groups, in order to identify risks or damages, which allows improving health and the quality of life of the inhabitants. The project aims to know the situation and trends of the health-disease process, with special emphasis on the identification of social determinants and inequality that impact the health of the population, in the inhabitants of the Municipality of Santa Lucía, belonging to the Department of Francisco Morazán. In the study, 309 inhabitants participated, from 75 dwellings in five communities of Santa Lucía. Three questionnaire-type instruments were used to perform the ASIS, the first for housing conditions, the other for obtaining sociodemographic data of the inhabitants and reproductive history of women of childbearing age and the last for morbidity of the child under 5 years. The participation of 100 % of the students was achieved in all the development phases of the project, additionally it was identified that the study communities have multiple risk factors, which makes them vulnerable to acquiring various diseases; identifying as main the moderate presence of latrines, poor access to drinking water, low educational level, and in some cases, their location in remote areas prevents them from having access to basic health services. In addition, the reports of each of the visits were provided to the authorities of the Municipality, managing to generate valuable and new information, since according to what was reported by the Municipality, they did not have data in their municipal censuses on the participating communities, or the information they had was scarce. Therefore, the importance and usefulness of this type of studies is highlighted, since they facilitate the identification of vulnerable aspects in communities, which allows working on health promotion through the application of cost-effective strategies for taking decision making.