Analysis of the prevalence of teeth supernumeraries and agenesis in patients with cleft lip and palate treated at the Integral Clinic of Operation Smile Honduras.

Abstract

The following study carried out to determine the prevalence of supernumerary teeth and agenesis in patients with cleft lip and/or palate who attended the lip and cleft palate Integral Clinic of Operation Smile Honduras, until August 2019. Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is one of the most common structural congenital malformations; it affects the craniofacial complex and is the result of the lack of union between the frontonasal, maxillary and medial nasal, and lateral processes. Dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip and/or palate occur more frequently in comparison with the rest of the population, affecting both dentitions. Among these anomalies, noted hypodontia and hyperdontia, are most commonly found around the fissured area (lateral incisor area). In addition, changes in position, alterations in size and shape of teeth, enamel defects, delayed development and dental eruption. Alterations related to the number of teeth, such as agenesis or hypodontia and supernumerary or hyperdontia, occur at the initial stage of dentition development at the embryonic period, and are associated with dental malocclusions. This is a comparative and retrospective cross-sectional study with a sample of 150 patients with a cleft lip and/or palate and medical records with panoramic radiography, of which 83 patients were female, representing 55% and 67 patients, were male, representing 45% of total population. The population included in this trial consisted of 31 (21%) patients with supernumerary teeth, 21 (14%) agenesis, 52 (34%) with no supernumerary teeth, and 46 (31%) with an absence of supernumerary teeth and agenesis. The kind of palatal cleft most affected by supernumerary teeth was the left unilateral palatal cleft with 22 patients.