Pharmaceutical care interventions for the glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus generates an increased risk of damage both at the microvascular level and at the macrovascular level, which leads to a decrease in quality of life. In recent years, there have been numerous efforts to implement pharmaceutical care interventions to improve the control and progression of this disease.
Objective. To know the effect of pharmaceutical care interventions on glycemic control in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methodology. Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to obtain Randomized Controlled Trials evaluating the effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Care interventions provided by pharmacists: community, clinical or hospital, aimed at patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the level outpatient, compared to usual care.
Results. In the intervention group, the decrease in the mean net difference of glycosylated hemoglobin was statistically significant in 27 studies, the range was between: 0,4% and 3,3%; in 14 studies this decrease was statistically significant and greater than or equal to 1%. Regarding the decrease in the net mean difference shown in the change in glycosylated hemoglobin, from the beginning to the end of the follow-up, between the intervention group and the control group, it was significant in 22 studies and the range was between: 0,3 and 2,3%.  
Conclusion. The evidence collected demonstrates the significant effect that pharmaceutical care interventions have in improving glycemic control in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.