Empowering rural women through entrepreneurship in Somoto Madriz, Nicaragua

Abstract

Rural entrepreneurship is a key driver for promoting women's autonomy and participation. This article analyzes how these initiatives strengthen the empowerment of rural women in Somoto, Madriz, Nicaragua, based on experiences from the Rural Alternative Education Program (PEAR). Using a mixed-methods approach (descriptive-explanatory), data from 58 women in ten communities were collected through surveys, interviews, and focus groups. The results show that, although only 31% participate in formal organizations, the majority have achieved a good level of economic autonomy through entrepreneurial ventures primarily linked to beekeeping (70.6%), followed by community-based rural tourism, food sales, and tailoring. The fact that 70% of these ventures generate daily income reflects tangible progress in women's economic sustainability and decision-making. Likewise, their participation in the savings and loan groups and in leadership positions reveals an empowerment process that transcends the economic sphere to consolidate itself in the social and organizational realms. The increase in female leadership through training programs demonstrates the effectiveness of the training models promoted by the PEAR program. In summary, the results show that rural entrepreneurship is an effective way to promote women's autonomy, leadership, and community participation, providing evidence to improve public policies aimed at gender equality, economic sustainability, and social inclusion.