Public Policies in Latin America, the Centralization in front of the proposal of the Decentralization, Autonomy and its National Formations

Abstract

This article contains a review of centralization as a counterpart of decentralization, as well as an approach to autonomy, public policies and local development, its approach from Latin America to national formations, establishing certain antagonisms according to their origins and concepts, based on the different points of view of the authors, which allows the exposition of their research agendas on the main challenges that decentralization has faced. In its theme it contains the most relevant assumptions of Centralization, Decentralization, Autonomy and Local Development in Latin America up to the national level, its different economic, sociological, and political approaches from the point of view of each country in particular. It synthesizes the objectives of decentralization among which we can highlight; deepen and improve democracy, strengthen development “from below”, contribute to citizen equity, reduce the state apparatus and make more efficient the administration of the State and municipal governments, as well as the problem for its effective realization in each case in particular. Deepening the different points of view under the base of decentralization allows the visualization of the relationship between each opinion making the study more dynamic because it is perceived as the process was evolving simultaneously, prepared based on the considerations of researchers in the field of public policies which meant important contributions in the social area, highlights the experiences in Latin America which allows to see the progress made to date.