Qualitative Analysis of School Bullying: An Initial Exploration of the Issue in the Northern Region of the Department of La Unión

Abstract

School bullying is a complex phenomenon with profound consequences for affected students and the educational environment. This qualitative research comprehensively explores the dynamics of bullying from a socio-ecological perspective, with particular attention to children and adolescents in foster care, who are at higher risk. Forms of bullying, associated factors, psychological and academic consequences are analyzed, and prevention strategies based on the experiences of caregivers, principals, and psychologists are proposed. The methodology includes a descriptive exploratory study using qualitative techniques such as focus groups and interviews. Results highlight the influence of the family environment, the need for teacher training, the long-term impact of bullying, and the importance of a comprehensive approach involving various stakeholders. The study concludes on the need for interdisciplinary and collaborative preventive programs involving caregivers, teachers, and support networks.