Nutritional labeling of prepackaged food products for human consumption in Central America: The importance of its mandatory enforcement

Abstract

In Central America, the prevalence of overweight and obesity continue to rise, contributing to the double burden of malnutrition, which encompasses both micronutrient deficiency and excess weight. This phenomenon is attributed to changes in dietary patterns, driven by the growth of consumption of ultra-processed foods, regardless of economic income. Nutritional labeling emerges as a useful element for consumers, allowing them to make informed decisions about their diet and prevent diseases related to it. However, understanding nutritional labeling remains a challenge, especially in Central America, where education levels are low. The information on labels can be complex and difficult to interpret for many. This article advocates for mandatory nutritional labeling on packaged products and beverages in Central American countries, supported by available scientific evidence on the nutritional situation and consumption of ultra-processed foods. Recommendations are proposed for its implementation, monitoring and evaluation, mainly highlighting the transition to front labeling to facilitate consumer decision-making, promoting the right to health and the choice of healthy foods, in a society that is more aware and informed about its health, food and nutrition.