Larvicidal activity of Salvadoran plant species on Aedes aegypti

Abstract

In the search for the protection of the environment and the health of the population, it is truly important to find alternative forms of control for the combat of vector insects such as Aedes aegypti. A source of this are plants that have potent active ingredients and high chemical stability with insecticidal action. In this study, the larvicidal activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of seed from Annona diversifolia, leaves and stems of Yucca guatemalensis and root of Petiveria alliacea on larvae of the third stage of Aedes aegypti was determined. Trials were developed to determine the baseline susceptibility of the three ethanol extracts. The results were processed according to the PROBIT method using the professional Bioestat 2009 program 5.4.8. The ethanolic extract of Annona diversifolia (seeds) revealed LC₅₀ values of 41.93 ppm and the CL₉₀ at 121.82 ppm, followed by Yucca guatemalensis (leaves and stems) with LC₅₀ at 544.8 ppm and the CL₉₀ at 2,374.6 ppm and Petiveria alliacea (root) in LC₅₀ of 1,548.6 ppm and the value for CL₉₀ 2,899.2 ppm. According to these results, the ethanolic extract of Annona diversifolia proved to be effective as a larvicide at low concentrations.