Prevalence of inflammatory and tumor nasosinus diseases

Abstract

Introduction. Inflammatory, benign and malignant sinonasal pathology is of utmost importance. Chronic rhinosinusitis can affect up to 5 % of the population. Benign nasal tumors can be of epithelial origin, such as papillomas. Within the malignant sinonasal tumor pathology, the most common is squamous cell carcinoma. Objective. Describe the prevalence of inflammatory sinus diseases, benign and malignant tumors in patients of the Otorhinolaryngology specialty of the Salvadoran Institute of Social Security from 2018 to 2023. Methodology. A descriptive, cross-sectional design with categorical variables was used, with data from documentary sources. The study took the results of all sinonasal biopsies from all hospital centers of the Salvadoran Social Security Institute (ISSS), between January 2018 and July 2023. Results. Depending on the type of inflammatory pathology, 888 (71. 9 %) patients presented rhinosinusitis. In benign tumor pathology, 14 (20.6 %) of patients were diagnosed with papilloma. In malignant tumor pathology, it was found that12 (31. 6 %) patients presented squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion. TThe most common malignant sinonasal tumor pathology is squamous cell carcinoma, being more common in males than in females and the age range in which it occurs most frequently is between 50-59 years.