Historical evolution and current challenges of occupational hygiene and safety in Nicaragua

Abstract

This study analyzes the historical evolution of occupational safety in Nicaragua, examines the national regulatory framework (Law 618) and proposes strategies to face current challenges in occupational hygiene and safety. Its relevance lies in the urgent need to improve safety in the workplace, which would contribute to reducing the risks of occupational diseases and accidents, thus improving the health and well-being of workers. The methodological approach used is qualitative, allowing an in-depth analysis of the phenomena related to occupational hygiene and safety, as well as legal aspects in Nicaragua. Through qualitative methods such as content analysis, advances in workplace safety legislation and practices in the country were identified. The findings show that Nicaragua has made progress in industrial safety, aligning with international standards such as ISO 45001 and ILO guidelines. Law 618 of 2007 has been fundamental in improving job security, although challenges persist in its implementation, especially in informal sectors and small businesses due to lack of resources and training. At a global level, continuous training, the use of digital platforms and the strengthening of oversight are crucial to optimize industrial safety. It is recommended to continue improving prevention policies and promote a culture of workplace safety in Nicaragua. continue to improve prevention policies and promote a culture of workplace safety in the country.