Assessing the impact of electric vehicles' connection to a low-voltage network of Honduras

Abstract

Introduction. The world trend points to the use of electric vehicles (EVs), and this leads to the need to carry out studies to estimate the capacity of the distribution networks when incorporating these new loads. The aim of this work was to analyze the possible impact of connecting EVs to a low-voltage distribution network in Honduras. Methods. Information was obtained on the energy consumption of network users, characteristics of the distribution circuits, among others, using read data from a small low-voltage network. With the representation of a low-voltage distribution network, the possible growth in both energy consumption and power peaks were analyzed, estimating the increase in demand with respect to capacity of installed network transformers. Different driving patterns were captured, which defined the energy required to be charged and the connection and disconnection times. Such impact was evaluated through a power flow analysis when consumption peaks were reached. Results. Based on the data obtained in the simulation, it was observed that when an EV penetration of 50% was reached, technical limits, such as minimum voltage limits, could be negatively impaired. Conclusion. As the integration of EVs increases in the distribution network, it will be necessary to update the electrical network to meet the new needs of the demand.