Exposure to UVB solar ultraviolet radiation in San Juan del Sur Bay, Rivas in the 2023 period

Abstract

The Global Solar Ultra Violet Index (UVI) was developed as an instrument to measure the intensity of solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) in different regions of the world. Due to the harms that these may cause, an exploratory research oriented to public health was conducted in the bay of San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua during 2023 with the objective of evaluating the levels of UVB radiation and its relationship with environmental and astronomical variables from a physical-medical approach. Measurements were carried out at different times of the day, with emphasis between 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. when solar radiation is more intense. The analysis was conducted applying the Pearson's correlation coefficient, finding a strong positive correlation between UVB radiation and solar altitude, and a negative correlation with cloudiness. Although no direct relationship with diseases such as skin cancer or cataracts was identified, it is recognized that individual protection and genetic factors influence their occurrence. Furthermore, the results of the study made it possible to identify time slots and areas of greater risk, and propose preventive measures such as: avoiding direct exposure to the sun during peak hours, the use of sunscreen, appropriate clothing and UV filtering glasses. Lastly, this study also contributes useful evidence for the design of public health strategies and the promotion of safer and more sustainable tourism in Nicaragua, especially in coastal areas with high sun exposure.