Origen de las primeras familias de Nueva Guinea en el Caribe Sur de Nicaragua

Abstract

The first settlers in New Guinea were originally from
the Pacific (León, Chinandega and Carazo) and Central
Nicaragua (Chontales) who were brought by the
Somoza government to reduce the pressure on the
cotton plantations, displaced by the armed conflict
and the crisis that coffee and cotton crops were
experiencing; plus the volcanic activity of Cerro Negro.
To this end, an Agrarian Reform was created, so that
the families would be located in an orderly manner,
granting them a title that accredited them as owners
of a property. This was done by the IAN (Agrarian
Institute of Nicaragua).
Therefore, this essay considers some analytical
categories that allowed organizing the information in
a structured way and facilitated the interpretation of
the results. Among these we can mention, the sociopolitical and economic crisis in western Nicaragua,
Somoza's Agrarian Reform, the agrarian structure of
the colonies, the evolution of cropping systems, the
threat to sustainability and food sovereignty in the
colonies of New Guinea. Its objective is to highlight the
origin of the peasant families of New Guinea, in the
Autonomous Region of the South Caribbean Coast of
Nicaragua.
It should be noted that the peasant families of New
Guinea have evolved over time, changing the life
strategies from which they originated, being resilient
to new soil and climatic conditions, going from a dry
climate to rains throughout the year, from agricultural
soils to forest-oriented soils and produce their food and
sustenance in them economic. The way in which these
families organize themselves is admirable, changing
strategies in the face of new challenges and falling
prices of what they produce, to the point of becoming
today one of the most thriving municipalities in the
Southern Caribbean of Nicaragua.